Public Administration essay
Public administration provides the organization of joint activities of people and manages these activities through the relevant bodies of the state apparatus and civil servants who perform certain functions. Among the functional responsibilities I can highlight the following: planning, scientific forecasting, formation of government bodies and organization of their activities, gathering and processing information, monitoring and accounting. I believe that the most important feature of public administration is the practical organization of the functions of the state.
Each person sees public administration in different ways, but all of us wants to live in a state where his opinion is taken into account. I agree with experts who believe that public administration takes place where people work together collaboratively. It provides awareness and focus of this activity. Management achieves its goals through the harmonization and coordination of human actions. Therefore, I am sure that it is desirable that each of us takes into account not only personal initiative, but also consider the opinion of other people. In my opinion, it would be right. Performing coordination function, management ensures consistency between the individual actions.
In order to understand how possible it is for the system of public administration to be at the same time effective, efficient, and accountable, I offer to consider what principles the governance is based on. There are three approaches, which are formulated according to these basic principles. They are: legal, political and management. Core values of public administration under legal approach are the values of the rule of law and the protection of citizens’ rights. In this case, public servants are subordinated not so much to their superior, but to the requirements of law. According to political approach, the main task of government is to maximize the embodiment of the will of people. Civil servants at the same time must be politically accountable and susceptible to the current interests of the citizens. As it is known the core values of public administration under management approach should be: effectiveness, efficiency and results. On my opinion, it is important to get maximum results with acceptable cost. As we see, these three approaches have one common problem – the problem of compliance of actions of civil servants formulated in principles: follow the rule of law (legal approach), following the will of people (political approach) and follow the purpose of obtaining the desired socio-economic result (management approach).
In my opinion, it is impossible to speak separately about effectiveness, efficiency, and accountability, as they are complementary concepts. If the system is not effective and efficient, it won’t be accountable. Conversely, without setting a goal to work for results, efficiency and qualification are meaningless. I believe that in order to achieve these three conditions, political administration should adhere to a set of requirements. Experts say that effectiveness of the work of management system requires interaction of all components of the system. Management should be comfortable for both manager, and managed. Thus, I am sure that for effectiveness, efficiency, and accountability, public administration should adhere to ethics of management. Manager must be able to think and build a logical chain. He should have a wide range of knowledge of the area in which he works. I truly believe that all employees of the public administration should be literate and competent. In order to make public administration effective, efficient, and accountable, it needs to set goals. The main objectives of public administration are socio-economic (achievement of economic prosperity, building and maintaining a certain system of economic relations, and satisfaction of public interest), political (developing positive proposals and processes in society and state, participating of all political forces in the management of the country, contributing to the improvement of state and social structures and , in particular, human development), security (ensuring the rights and freedoms of citizens, rule of law in society, public order and safety), institutional (formation of legal system, promoting implementation of all the basic functions of the state and solving all its problems with the help of democratic institutions and the rule of law mechanisms).
Based on the facts named above, I can make a conclusion that the considerable importance in the government belongs to people who work in this system. I believe that government employees have to be of great professionalism in order public administration to be effective. Professional experience and deep knowledge play a huge role in improving the efficiency of public administration. It is appropriate to create business schools where future specialists could learn the priority tasks of the system and experiences of successful managers. Their professionalism must be maintained by conducting appraisals. There is a need to conduct seminars for civil servants with foreign guests to share experiences. I am sure that it is necessary for state personnel to be guided by national interests, listen to the needs of population, and hold meetings with public. In order to improve governance, they should follow its principles. Among the basic principles are the following: democracy (according to which the people is the source of power), legality (activities should be based on compliance with the laws of the country), objectivity (adequate perception of the situation), scientific (adoption and implementation of management decisions should be carried out taking into account scientific developments), concreteness (activity management should take into account specific circumstances of life), and efficiency (achieving the objectives of management activities should be done with minimal effort, time and money). I am sure that managers should be able to find a “middle ground”, then the work of public administration will be effective, efficient, and accountable.
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